CHORUS

Collaborative Hypertext of Radiology

Cardiovascular system

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superior vena cava syndrome

etiology:

• bronchogenic carcinoma (> 50%)
• lymphoma
• granulomatous mediastinitis
  • histoplasmosis, sarcoidosis, TB
• substernal goiter
• ascending aortic aneurysm
• pacer wires; central venous catheters (25%)
• constrictive pericarditis

• esophageal varices ("downhill varices")
• azygos/hemiazygos veins
• accesory hemiazygos and superior intercostal veins ("aortic nipple")
• lateral thoracic veins and umbilical vein
• vertebral veins

Related CHORUS documents: thoracic aortic aneurysm aortic aneurysm esophageal varices mediastinal fibrosis histoplasmosis abdominal aortic aneurysm