esophageal carcinoma

• EtOH
• tobacco

• achalasia
• Plummer-Vinson syndrome
• stricture (caustic, radiation)
• Barrett mucosa (GE reflux, hiatus hernia)

• tylosis
• geographical areas: Iran, China, southern France, Japan
• head/neck Ca

  NOT sprue / celiac disease

© 2002, C.E. Kahn, Jr.
2002-04-18