inflammation: gallium imaging

leakage of protein-bound Ga-67 into extracellular space secondary to increased capillary permeability
Ga-67 is preferentially bound to nonviable PMNs and macrophages
leukocyte incorporation (rich in lactoferrin)
bacterial uptake (siderophores)
inflammtory tissue stimulates lactoferrin production

for chronic abdominal inflammation:

67% sensitivity; 64% specificity; 13% false negatives; 5% false positive
dose: 5 mCi; imaging: 24, 48, 72 hours
diffuse uptake in peritonitis
localized uptake in acute pyogenic abscess, phlegmon, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, acute gastritis, diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease, surgical wound, pyelonephritis, perinephric abscess