fetal doppler study
non-stress test (NST)
- external monitoring for 20 minutes; poor specificity
- >4 fetal heart accelerations (>15 bpm over baseline for 15 seconds)
following fetal movement in fetus >34 weeks
- no heart accelerations in immaturity, sleep, maternal sedation
contraction stress test (CST)
- external monitoring after oxytocin or maternal breast stimulation
- > 3 uterine contraction in 10 minutes; 50% specificity
uterine and umbilical artery waveform
- elevated systolic:diastolic ratio = increased vascular resistance
fetal aortic flow volume
see also:
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© 2002, C.E. Kahn, Jr.
2002-04-18